62037-80-3 | Ammonium 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoate

CAS:62037-80-3 | Ammonium 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoate ,Description

Ammonium 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoate, also known as ammonium heptafluoropropoxypropanoate (AHFPP), is a fluorinated organic compound used in various scientific and industrial applications. AHFPP is a colorless, odorless, and non-toxic liquid that is soluble in water and organic solvents. It is a versatile compound with a wide range of applications in research and industry, including the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and other chemicals.
 

Scientific Research Applications

1. Fluoropolymer Manufacturing

Ammonium 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoate, also known as GenX, is primarily developed as a processing aid in the manufacture of fluoropolymers. It has been used to replace long-chain perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) due to its more favorable toxicological and environmental profiles (Gannon et al., 2016); (Rae et al., 2015).

2. Environmental Risk Assessment

The environmental impact and risk assessment of GenX have been studied, particularly its bioaccumulation potential and aquatic toxicity. Studies indicate that it is of low concern for aquatic hazard and bioconcentration in aquatic organisms (Hoke et al., 2016).

3. Interaction with Human Proteins

GenX has been found to bind to human proteins such as human serum albumin (HSA), which is significant as this interaction can affect several disease-related proteins in humans. Computational analysis of its binding mechanism to HSA has been conducted (Delva‐Wiley et al., 2021) .

4. Health Risk Assessment

Health risk assessments, such as the development of non-cancer oral reference doses, have been conducted for GenX. This involves the evaluation of mammalian toxicity studies to establish safe levels for human exposure (Thompson et al., 2019).

5. Toxicological Studies

Toxicological studies on GenX have assessed its impact on liver toxicity in rodents, evaluating its mode of action and relevance to human health. These studies provide insights into the liver's response to GenX exposure, suggesting that the effects observed in rodents may not directly apply to humans due to species-specific differences in PPARα signaling mechanisms (Heintz et al., 2023).

6. Analytical Detection in Biological Samples

Research has been conducted on the detection of GenX and other per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in biological samples such as urine and serum, highlighting the importance of monitoring these substances in the human population (Kato et al., 2018).

7. Plant Toxicity Studies

Studies on the accumulation and phytotoxicity of GenX in plants like Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana benthamiana have been conducted. These studies help understand how GenX affects plant growth, photosynthesis, and induces oxidative stress (Chen et al., 2019).

8. Impact on Blood-Brain Barrier

Research exploring the impact of GenX on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in rats has been conducted. This research is crucial for understanding how GenX affects neuroprotective mechanisms at the BBB (Cannon et al., 2020).

9. Immunomodulatory Effects

GenX has been evaluated for its immunomodulatory effects in mice. Understanding its impact on immune response is essential for assessing its potential health risks (Rushing et al., 2017).

10. Food Contact Material Safety

The safety of GenX for use in food contact materials has been assessed. This evaluation is critical for ensuring consumer safety in the context of food packaging and processing (Andon et al., 2011).

11. Electrochemical Properties

The electrochemical properties of novel ionic liquids, including those involving ammonium salts like GenX, have been studied for applications like electric double layer capacitors (Sato et al., 2004).

12. Developmental Effects in Human Stem Cell Models

The effects of GenX on early embryonic development in human induced pluripotent stem cell models have been explored. This research is vital for understanding the potential embryotoxic effects of GenX (Davidsen et al., 2021).

13. Environmental Distribution

The distribution of GenX in European and Chinese river/estuary systems has been compared to legacy PFASs. This research is essential for understanding the environmental spread and impact of GenX (Heydebreck et al., 2015).

14. Bioaccumulation Studies

The occurrence and bioaccumulation of GenX in the environment, aquatic organisms, and humans have been reported, raising concerns about its potential health risks (Pan et al., 2017).

15. Hydrolytic Polycondensation Studies

Research on the hydrolytic polycondensation of compounds like tetraethoxysilane with metal salts and oxides, including ammonium salts similar to GenX, has been conducted for sol-gel processes (Sviderskii et al., 1997).

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